Embedded Files
BALLARD DNA PROJECT
Ancient Sample Data Supplement
Sample CGG022445
S1194 > CTS4528 > S14328
Aisne_Haut_de_France, Bucy_le_Long, close to Belgium
750 BCE - 450 BCE
Iron Age, LaTene culture, Celtic
Hugh McColl et. al., Steppe Ancestry in western Eurasia and the spread of the Germanic Languages, 2024.
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.13.584607v1
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391-203 calBCE, Iron Age,
England, Sussex, Brighton, Slonk Hill,
Sample: I7632, Haplogroup: S1200.
Patterson, N., Isakov, M., Booth, T. et al. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age. Nature (2021).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04287-4
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Hungary, Sopron. -"Kópháza-Széles földek 18838 & 18835" 320 BC to 200 BC (father & Son)
CTS4528
300 -200 BCE, La Tène culture
Patterson, N., Isakov, M., Booth, T. et al. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age. Nature 601, 588–594 (2022).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04287-4
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DUX010, Duxford
100 CE
S1194>S1200>S14328>S1196>S1199>FGC71677>FT12339>Y22442
[1] Christiana L. Scheib et al.,Local population structure in Cambridgeshire during the Roman occupation.
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.07.31.551265v1
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CGG107506, Denmark, Zealand, Vester Egesborg
S1194 > CTS4528 > S14328
1-200 CE, Iron Age, Early Roman
CGG107758, Netherlands, South-Holland, Valkenburg Marktveld, Roman Cemetery
S1194 > CTS4528 > S14328
100 CE, Iron Age
Hugh McColl et. al.
Steppe Ancestry in western Eurasia and the spread of the Germanic Languages, 2024.
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.13.584607v1
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HAD017, Hatherdene Close, Cambridgeshire, England, early Anglo-Saxon cemetery
Haplogroup: DF100
425-539 calCE
[1] Gretzinger, J., Sayer, D., Justeau, P. et al. The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool. Nature (2022).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05247-2
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4 Lombard samples from Collegno, Piedmont, Italy,
6th century [3, 4].
Sample: CL92
Y-DNA: S1194 > CTS4528 > A8472 > S22519
POPRES best population: Germany
HellBus best population: England
Sample: CL93
Y-DNA: S1194 > CTS4528 > A8472 > S22519
POPRES best population: Belgium
HellBus best population: Germany
Sample: CL145
Y-DNA: S1194 > CTS4528 > A8472 > S22519
POPRES best population: Netherlands
HellBus best population: England
Sample: CL146
Y-DNA: S1194 > CTS4528 > A8472
POPRES best population: Austria
HellBus best population: England
The autosomal results are from [1, Supplementary Table 6] and [3, Supplementary Data 4].
A good text about the Lombards is [5].
[3] Amorim, C.E.G., Vai, S., Posth, C. et al. Understanding 6th-century barbarian social organization and migration through paleogenomics. Nat Commun 9, 3547 (2018).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06024-4
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[4] Roberta Estes, Longobards Ancient DNA from Pannonia and Italy – What Does Their DNA Tell Us? Are You Related?
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[5] Italia Longobardorum Association, I Longobardi/The Longobards,
http://www.longobardinitalia.it/images/file/quaderno_completo_LONGOBARDI.pdf
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2 more Lombard samples from Collegno, Piedmont, Italy,
COL_150
610 - 670 CA
S1194 > CTS4528 > A8472 > S22519
COL_128
669 - 825
S1194 > CTS4528 > A8472 > S22519
Yijie Tian et al., The role of emerging elites in the formation and development of communities after the fall of the Roman Empire.
PNAS, August 19, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2317868121
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Alt-Inden 5
400 - 800 CE, Merovingian
Half of his DNA is Iberian and Italian.
S1194 > CTS4528 > S14328 > A8469 > S1196 >
S6868 > FGC23894 > Y23043 > S6849 > FGC68532 > Y23037 > Y54774
[1] Gretzinger, J., Sayer, D., Justeau, P. et al. The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool. Nature (2022).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05247-2
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Sample: VK175 / UK_Oxford_#19
Location: St_John’s_College_Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
Age: Viking 880-1000 CE
Y-DNA: R-Y47841, S1194>CTS4528>BY38950
FTDNA Comment: Shares 6 SNPs with man from Sweden down of R-BY38950 (R-Y47841)
[2] Margaryan, A., Lawson, D.J., Sikora, M. et al. Population genomics of the Viking world. Nature 585, 390–396 (2020),
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03328-2
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Sample ID: ATP_PSN_196
S1194>CTS4528>S14328>A8469>S1196>S1199
1000 - 1500 CE
St Johns Hospital, Cambridgeshire, England.
Poor Medieval Britain cultural group
Ruoyun Hui et al.,
Genetic history of Cambridgeshire before and after the Black Death,
Science Advances, 17 Jan 2024, Vol 10, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi5903
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adi5903
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2 samples from Faroe Islands
Sample: VK25 / Faroe_1
Location: Church2, Faroes
Age: Early modern 16-17th centuries CE
Y-DNA: S1194 > A8039 > A8040 > A8041 > BY11764 > FT381000
Best admixture: British
Sample: VK234 / Faroe_2
Location: Church2, Faroes
Age: Early modern 16-17th centuries CE
Y-DNA: S1194 > A8039 > A8040 > A8041 > BY11764 > FT381000
Best admixture: Danish
[1] Margaryan, A., Lawson, D.J., Sikora, M. et al. Population genomics of the Viking world. Nature 585, 390–396 (2020),
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03328-2
[2] Roberta Estes, 442 Ancient Viking Skeletons Hold DNA Surprises,
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Sint-Truiden 64 was a boy who lived between 700 - 1286 CE during the Early Middle Ages and was found in the region now known as Trudoplein, Sint-Truiden, Limburg, Belgium (Flanders).
He was associated with the Flemish cultural group.
His direct maternal line belonged to mtDNA haplogroup H1af.
Reference: ST0064 from Beneker et al. 2025
Sint-Truiden 64 is positive for DF100, S6868 and A8532 (CTS7141 level). Full path: S1194>CTS4528>S14328>A8469>S1196>S6868>CTS7141 Admixture (Supplementary tables S3): 0.81 Gaulish (Celtic) 0.19 Early Medieval Netherlands (Germanic) My remarks in parenthesis. So this boy carried mostly Celtic ancestry. No C14 age analysis. I put him to the year 1000 CE.
Compilled & Analysis by Dirk Struve 2025
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