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BALLARD DNA PROJECT
Group 1 - "Bronze Age Briton" - R-S1194 > R-CTS4528 > R-S14328 > R-S1211 > R-S1196 > R-Y22442 > R-S1205
(12th Aug 2023)
Testers in this SNP group - Sorbring (474803) Howes (412720) House (1040022) (Hoose, Hulse, Lowe) Barr (B62215) Short (IN107472) Kuss (319861 & 968955) Ballard (IN91033 & IN90751 & 258423) Howard (516655) Iocco (163548) Jakl ( ) Sprosty (29884) Malmgren ( ) Ponton (555747 ).
There are others testers indicated at FTDNA but no other information is avaliable, Please Join Our Project.
R-S1194 - Ancient Burials Tree
According to FTDNA "Ancestral Path" & "Globetrekker" utility, R1b - Y22442 was present on mainland Britain at about 1750 BC or circa 3750 years ago during the early phase bronze age Beaker culture migration.
Recently discovered burial remains corroborate a presence (DUX010) with a sample of R1b-Y22442, C14 dated around 100 AD In the Cambridge area of Britain, the pre Roman tribal lands of the Catuvellauni, The dominant Roman era Invasion resistance force, a Belgic tribe migrated into Britain about the 1st Century BC, said to have originated from the Gaulish, Catalauni tribe.
Further evidence with another ancient burial tested at R1b - S1205, a subclade under R1b - Y22442 is to be found also at Cambridgeshire, Britain (Hatherdene 17) who lived about 500 AD.
Both samples cited above also had typical British Isles MTDNA the DUX010 illustrating that this haplogroup "could" possibly have been in Britain earlier than Roman occupation this is further demonstrated with the Burial sample of : (SLONKHILL l7632) found in Sussex, testing positive for an earlier haplotype in this line R1b-S1200 (CTS4528). He most likely would have had subclades below this but the sample may have been degraded for deeper testing but the dating is of relevance, He lived about 300 BC found in the ancient tribal lands of the Regnenses.
Between 30 AD and 40 AD the Regnenses territory came under pressure from the Catuvellauni to the north. They seized Silchester and Regnenses tribal leader, Verica fled to Rome, providing the Emperor Claudius with a pretext for the invasion of 43 AD.
The positive samples in this haplogroup may have been indigenous before the arrival of the Belgic's and assimilated into the dominating tribal incomers , Caratacus, leader of the Catuvellauni upon his retreat he joined with the Silures in south Wales, he must have had an affinity with them to have been confident enough to seek refuge and from them raise stronger forces to continue the fight against Rome genealogies have him descended from ancient Britons back to Beli Mawr, so he himself or any of his followers may or may not have been from recent Belgic incomer stock.
In Summary ;
1. FTDNA date mapping of R1b-Y22442 estimates a very early pre Roman, British presence.
2. Three "3" Genetic & Carbon14 dated samples - ancient burials of this haplogroup all found in Britain, the earliest dated living about 300 BC, pre Catuvellauni Tribe.
3. Project Surname "Howes" - Hundredorum Rolls of 1273, Cambridgeshire.
4. Project Surname "Ponton" - place name, "Great Ponton" Lincolnshire.
5. Surname Origins "Ballard" earliest found name mentions in Cambridgeshire & Surrounding area.
1160 f.l. Geoffrey Ballard. wit, property at Mildecumbe, (Milcombe) Oxfordshire.
1177. f.l. Geoffrey Ballard, Property, St Ives, Cambridgeshire. [Add Chart (B.M.) 34019].
1180 f.l Simone Ballarde, wit, Walton, Cambridgeshire, Ramsey Abbey, Charter.
1187. f.l. Geoffrey Ballard, Donation to Abbott of Ramsey, Cambridgeshire.
1196 f.l. Peter Ballard, Land Holder. Northampton. [Curia Regis Rolls].
1196 f.l. Adam Ballard, Landholder, Cambridgshire. [Curia Regis Rolls].
1198 f.l. Henry Buliard, Buliardsfeld, Suffolk (Nr Cambridgeshire) [Pipe Rolls].
1199 f.l. Gaufr Ballard, Norfolk. [Curia Regis Rolls].
1200. circa f.l. Simon Ballard. wit to deeds, St Ives at Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire.
1203 f.l. Simon Baihard, Knight. Hertfordshire. (Nr Cambridgeshire) [Hert Roll 29].
1210. fl. Adam Ballard, Land Holder, Cambridgeshire. [Curia Regis Rolls].
1230 f.l. William de Bolard filius Simon, Land at Havering (Haveringland ?), Norfolk. [Curia Regis Rolls].
1234. f.l. Ralph Ballard - [Cartulary of St. John's Abbey, Colchester (D/DJ 1/1) folio 369].
1238 f.l. John Ballard, of Whitney, Oxfordshire. [Close Rolls].
1249. f.l. John Ballard St Ives, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire [PRO docs, E class, British National Archives].
1249 f.l. John Ballard, Soldier of St Ives, Cambridgeshire.
1288 f.l. John Ballard, among those slain (wid Alice of Whitney Oxfordshire [Close Rolls].
1300, f.l. Ralph Ballard, Shudy Camps, Cambridgeshire, witness. [GBR/0012/MS Doc.4034].
1303 f.l. John Ballard of Cannons Ashby, Northamptonshire, pardon, death of Robert Geffray. [Cal Patent Rolls].
1312 f.l.John Ballard, fined for horbering strangers of Elton, Cambridgeshire. [Life in Medieval Villages J&F Gies. p. 43].
1314 f.l. Eustace Ballard, of Swafham, Cambridgeshire, witness. [GBR/0012/EDC 1/B13/18].
1436 f.l Richard Ballard, Weaver of Northamptonshire, migrant from Leuven, Brabant (Belgium) [TNA. E 179/155/80].
6. John Ballard an archer made fame by capturing the archdeacon of Paris during the latter part of the fourteenth century, apparently he deserted from the army before entering Calais and smuggled his prisoner into Colchester Abbey and finally sold him in London for £50, this was common business practice at the time and was encouraged by the monarchy of the day, although this particular instance provoked a stream of angry letters threatening the archer, the abbot and other supposed accomplices with severe penalties.
7. John Ballard was the son of William Ballard of Wratting, Suffolk. Ballard matriculated at St Catharine's College, Cambridge in 1569, but subsequently migrated to Caius College, Cambridge,[1] and on the 29 November 1579 went on to study at the English College at Rheims. He was ordained as a secular priest at Châlons on 4 March 1581, and was sent back to England on 29 March as a Catholic missionary and, as such, had a price on his head. To conceal his true identity, he played the part of a swashbuckling, courtly soldier called Captain Fortescue and was once described as wearing 'a fine cape laced with gold, a cut satin doublet and silver buttons on his hat'. Being a tall, dark-complexioned man, he was referred to by those who were unaware of his true identity as 'Black Foskew'.
8 Beluard - Beli hardd ap Brochwell / Brochvel / Brochfael - Cearwent (Silures) [1086. Domesday Charters]. Family removed to Somerset & Dorset "Ballard Downs, Swanage". (De Carent/Karent Family).
corrections & additions gratefully received.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-04287-4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catuvellauni
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.07.31.551265v1.full
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalauni
https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-S1205/tree
https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-S1205/path
https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-S1205/globetrekker
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